Note: All single use plastic material should be recyclable and >50 micron thickness, and should comply with Govt. Of India regulations.
1.4 Size of packaging container must be optimized as per the size of equipment to be packed, this will eliminate excessive free space within the containers, and reduce shipping costs and material damage. Proper stuffing should be done to fill the empty space left after optimization.
1.5 All packing materials, cases, crates, drums, saddles and supports etc. shall become a part of the Purchase Order / Project and are not returnable.
1.6 Alloy, stainless steel and carbon steel material shall be segregated and packed in separate boxes for shipping to facilitate the positive material program at the site. 1.7 Materials and equipment from different Purchase Order Numbers shall not be consolidated and packaged together unless authorized by the Buyer. Nevertheless, individual Purchase Order Line items shall be segregated, marked and packed separately.
1.8 A single material item that weighs in excess of 25 kilograms must be packaged for mechanical handling.

Packing & Shipping

Packing & Shipping

Packing & Shipping

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2 Preservation and Packaging
2.1 All materials and equipment shall be strongly packed for shipment. Special blocking, bracing, bolting, lashing, shims and dummy bearings shall be provided as required for rotating parts of large pumps, motors, compressors and other similar equipment.
2.2 Machinery, parts or tools with a highly finished surface shall be treated in accordance with recognized industry standards. Material should be wrapped/ covered with bubble sheet, VCI, aluminum barrier, stretch film etc. as required to protect from dirt and moisture. Application of tape is not acceptable on finished surfaces.
2.3 All shafts fitted with anti-friction bearings shall be suitably strapped and stuffed with pads, dunnage to prevent damage of the bearings during transport.
2.4 Particular care shall be taken to protect and preserve sensitive items such as instruments, control panels, hydrodynamic bearings, mechanical seals, etc. ESD bags should be used for electrostatic sensitive devices and die cut foam dunnage should be used (wherever applicable) to restrict movement and reduce transit impacts.
2.5 Supplier should submit item specific packaging material specification, repacking procedure (bought out, spares, bulk parts etc.), preservation procedure of items supplied.
2.6 In all instances (with the exception of various size pipe), items shall be nested or packed to reduce volume as much as possible. Waste space within a shipping unit is a source of weakness. Fragile items shall be wrapped in crepe-cellulose wadding or some equally efficient cushioning material and floated in excelsior.
2.7 Supplier to provide MSDS & Storage procedure for first fill lubricants, to be used for Rotary equipments.
2.8 Prior to packing, all PROJECT CARGO shall be checked internally and externally to insure that they are free from all weld spatter, scale, rust, cuttings, filings etc. as well as any other foreign matter.
2.9 If there are any preservatives used to protect equipment there should be a permanent label (not paper) securely attached to advise of this and where to reference how it is removed etc. prior to putting the equipment into operation.
2.10 Commissioning Spare Parts supplied by the SUPPLIER shall be packaged separately with packages clearly identified with the words “COMMISSIONING SPARES”. Packing lists in all instances shall clearly identify by quantity and description all Commissioning Spare parts supplied.
2.11 Mandatory Spare Parts supplied by the SUPPLIER shall be packaged separately with packages clearly identified with the words “MANDATORY SPARES”. Packing lists in all instances shall clearly identify by quantity and description all Mandatory Spare parts supplied.
2.12 Both general hand tools and any special tools including keys etc. to be provided by the Supplier for the installation of supplied materials and equipment shall be packaged separately with packages being clearly identified with the words “TOOLS”. Packing lists in all instances shall be clearly identified by quantity and description of all tools supplied.

3 Packing Specification
The manner in which a commodity is packed governs to a great extent its condition on arrival at a destination. This instruction covers the minimum packing requirements. Where this Standard does not specify, the best packing practice shall be followed. Materials and supplies used for wrapping packaging, taping, sealers, moisture barriers and retardants and corrosion prevention shall be of recognised brands and acceptable grade.
Supplier to ensure that internal movement must be arrested with proper blocking, bracing & lashing inside wooden box. Packing material shall be capable of performing their functions without damage and/or contamination to the Purchase Order items packed.
Supplier to share the photographs before and after packing for L&T Approval prior to dispatch from supplier works.
Supplier shall emphasis upon sustainable/environment friendly use of packing material.

4. Air Shipments
These shall be packed to acceptable airline industry standards and in such a way as to afford items maximum mechanical protection, ease of handling and the minimization of total weight of shipping units. Packaging should be palletized and provision for handling with forklift and other material handling equipment. The International Air Transport Association (IATA) sets the regulations for packaging airfreight shipments and these must be respected.
4.1 Timber Boxes and Crates
a. All wooden packaging should be heat treated and fumigated, ISPM 15 certified. Certification must be shared with L&T.
b.Packaging shipping unit’s must have passed (not limited to) vibration test (to evaluate in-transit impacts), compression test (to certify stacking norms), climate test (to certify capability to withstand during change in climatic conditions) and certified by supplier and/or manufacturer.
c. All Timber materials used shall be sound and well-seasoned without evidence of rot, grazes or split sand knots
d. Moisture contain of wood shall be in the range of 12 to 20%.
e. Crate/box shall NOT be made of jungle wood. Hardwood, softwood can be used depending upon requirement, site location, mode of transportation etc.
f. Use BWR (boiling water resistant) or BWP (boiling water proof) i.e. IS303 or 710 grade plywood for constructing plywood boxes.
g. Crates / box must be constructed with transverse cross members at the base and sufficient in strength to protect the underside of articles from Page 7 of 31 mechanical handling equipment. Crates / box should have ground clearance of 90 to 100 mm, suitable for forklift, crane handling.
h. Base and lid must have min. 70% of coverage (coverage shall further increase depending upon box dimensions, equipment weight) and provision for strapping (like edge protector, strap guide etc.)
i. Plank directions of base and lid shall be in the direction of MHE (Material Handling Equipment) operation to give proper support while handling.
j. If in case stacking is possible, crate/box lid shall have locking mechanism for stacked load.
k. Crate shall have the outer framework consisting of upright (vertical) and horizontal frame members (planks) and additional diagonal upright members where necessary to provide strength and rigidity.
l. Crates / boxes must be constructed with three-way lock corners where members will be joined with nails or staples driven into the side grain of joining members.
m. All joining crate members must be fastened by double nailing or stapling or bolting depending upon structure, mode of transportation etc.
n. All crates / box shall be covered with polyethylene / VCI bag / aluminum vacuum sealed bag
o. All shipping units shall be either weatherproof lined and/or purchased items weatherproof wrapped prior to packing.
p. Timber boxes and crates shall be sized to contain all parts of the equipment. Protrusion of valve stems, etc. beyond the top or sides of the box or crate shall not be permitted.
q. Spreaders shall be used for items which are extremely heavy but small in volume.
r.Use metallic strap to unite lid with crate / box and it should not offer hindrance to material handling equipment operations. Gap between 2 straps shall not be more than 600 mm.
s. Non-metallic strapping may only be used on cartons and packages within shipping units.
t. All boxes and crates weighing more than 25 kg or physically large in size shall be fitted with skid platform or pallet bases for handling by MHE. Minimum size of bearers shall be 70-mm height by 80-mm width, the total number and size dependent on shipping unit length and weight. The combined weight of the contents with the box and & stack height of crate / box must not exceed defined and certified "Gross Weight Limit" & “Compression Limit” by the manufacturer's or test laboratory.
u. The Supplier shall brand all shipping units with the marks as detailed herein.
Note:
i. Packing lists itemizing contents on each box or crate shall be placed inside each shipping unit. A second copy, together with any special instructions regarding preservation of contents, shall be sealed in a waterproof envelope and securely fastened to the outside of each shipping unit.
ii. Instead of itemized packing list, use QR coded packing list. QR code shall capture and code all respective information packing list contains, with any additional info as required. And same is to be printed on non- tearable material and pasted on box/crate in & out.
v. Only the contents of the unit to which the packing list (QR code) is attached may appear on the packing list (QR code). Individual cartons or packages within a shipping unit shall be branded with the purchase order item number and content detail.
w. The Supplier shall not pack goods from different purchase order numbers into a common shipping unit.

5. Saddles, Supports, Spiders, Lifting Equipment and Shipping Drawings
a. All vessels, Columns, tanks and similar equipment which cannot be shipped without independent support shall be supplied with shipping saddles suitable for deep-sea transit and road transportation. All internal fittings shall be properly supported.
b. Shipping drawings shall be submitted by the Supplier to Purchaser/Freight Forwarding agent 90 days in advance, for all individual items with a weight in excess of 20 tonnes and/or a length in excess 12 m and/or a width or height in excess of 3 m or where shipping/transportation saddles are being provided. Such drawings must show clearly full dimensions, weights, centre of gravity, lifting/securing points and saddle locations.
c. Transportation/Shipping Saddles shall be affixed to vessels with straps to prevent damage to painted surface.
d. Shipping saddle shall be of steel and/or of wooden timbered construction (as specified in transportation drawing) shall be contoured to fit with sufficient contact surface to prevent damage or permanent distortion to the assembly. The minimum contact arc length shall be 120 degree. Shipping saddle location must be identified in the transportation drawing as per load distribution of the equipment. Metal saddles should be temporary welded to vehicle body.
e. Auxiliary removable spider, struts, bands and /or stiffening rings shell be provide where required. Temporary supports that are in contact with equipment during shipping or storage shall not be of a moisture retaining material such as wood. Foam, rubber beading, anti-scratch textile (cloth) shall be provided to reduce wood/metal to metal (equipment) contact.
f. Width should by uniform for all saddles used for the equipment for easy loading and off-loading on stools.
g. Unless equipment is of a nature which allows for unprotected lifting and / or slinging, Supplier should ensure that if necessary, trunnions, lugs or eyes are fitted to enable a safe lifting operation to take place without the risk of damage to equipment.
h. Suitable securing points and/or lashing areas shall be provided and suitably identified on all equipment. Where needed, protection (wood battens, rubber or similar) to painted areas that might be impacted by transport-securing lashings or lifting wires shall be incorporated.
5.3.4 Moisture Control
a. Weatherproof case liners (in bag form or an overwrap, constructed of asphalt-laminated craft paper and sealed in waterproof adhesive) shall be used, if the materials and equipment are susceptible to damage from moisture.
b. All Instrument panels, instruments, electrical equipment, precision machinery and control valves shall be packed in suitable wooden cases. They shall also be vacuum heat sealed in aluminum barrier c/w sufficient silica gel to afford protection for 12 months.
c. Openings in vessels, shop-built tanks, etc. shall be properly sealed after placement of silica gel or comparable desiccant, to absorb moisture within the vessel, tank, etc. Dew point shall be verified at 5 Deg. C lower than ambient temp. Soap solution test shall be carried out for all flange joints after nitrogen purging (where applicable) and additional nitrogen cylinder(s) to be provided along with the equipment.
d. Openings in electric motors, generators and other electrical equipment shall be sealed with waterproof tape or in some equally efficient manner. A protective paper (Grade A - greaseproof or equivalent) shall be inserted between the brushes and armature of motors and generators.
e. 60 days before start of packaging of items for first shipment, the Supplier shall conform to acceptance to this document and also Purchasers approval to their proposal for packing, marking, shipping & storage, preservation procedures for long-term storage or for the period between manufacture and installation of the various types of equipment, tanks, etc. at the Site location.
5.3.5 Open Crates
a. Crates shall be constructed of nominal lumber sizes indicated for boxes (see paragraph 5.3.19). They shall be diagonally braced on all faces, and 3-way corner joints shall be constructed.
b. A common point of weakness in a crate containing over 100 kg is its top edge, upon which a severe strain is placed by slings each time it is handled. Lid should be sturdy to handle the strain with provision for sling attachment and stacking shall be provided.
5.3.6 Palletizing
a. Items impervious to damage from moisture, etc., and which can be conveniently secured to a pallet to facilitate handling shall be packed in this manner For example, roofing paper shall be placed upright on pallets in groups of 25 or 36 rolls and strapped together, covered with a cap constructed of min. 20-mm ply, and shall be secured to the pallet with 30-mm straps, and gap between 2 straps should not be more than 600 mm.
b. Attached to the steel strapping of the pallet shall be a timber placard of sufficient size to clearly show shipping mark. A waterproof envelope shall be attached to the placard containing packing lists (QR Code).
c. Individual contents of a pallet shall be clearly marked by affixing the packing list (QR Code) outside package.
d. Individual packaged loads (cargo consolidated onto crates/pallets/skids) shall not exceed 210 centimeters in any dimension or 2,000 kilograms maximum gross weight. Deviation from these limits must be approved by the owner/Purchaser.
5.3.7 Sacks
Sacks shall not be used in any form of packaging.
5.3.8 Steel Drums
Watertight steel drums may be used and consolidated onto pallets for ease of handling. Shipping marks and packing lists (QR Code) are required for all individual steel drums, and each drum shall be tagged or branded with the purchase order number, purchase order item numbers and content details.
5.3.9 Corrugated / Fiber Box
a. Corrugation box must bear manufacturer’s seal, certificate which certifies compression, bursting, edge crust, GSM, drop, cobb, and climate and vibrations tests as per ISTA / ASTM standards.
b. All corrugated box shall be made of virgin Kraft or imported Kraft paper, as required.
c. RSC or full flap box shall be used for small manual handled, non-palletised boxes. Size of such boxes shall not be more than 600 mm and gross weight per box shall not be more than 25Kgs. Heavy duty large box shall be constructed in palletised sleeve, cap and lid design suitable for MHE (forklift and crane) handling. Pallet should comply with required tests and certificates mentioned above in wooden packaging.
d. Type of flute (AA, AB, AC, BB etc.) shall be selected depending upon box dimensions and gross weight of the box.
e. Moisture content shall be in the range of 6 to 8%.
f. Double pin, diagonal staple shall be done to provide better strength at closure.
g. Water repellent coating shall be applied at outer & inner liner of board.
h. Each corrugated box must be sealed using 2 inch wide Biaxally Oriented Polypropylene tape, as a minimum, over all seams. The tape must be centered over the seams and joints, and extend a minimum of 2 inches over the edges of the box onto the adjacent box panel
i. All boxes shall be covered with PE or VCI bags
j. Use cord strap to unite lid with corrugated box and it should not offer hindrance during handling operations. Gap between 2 straps shall not be more than 600 mm.
5.3.10 Inner Packing:
a. Except as more specifically provided, contents must be properly blocked and braced within the container by using appropriate wooden stopper, lashing, foam or rubber pads, die cut sheet, acrylic or plastic formed dunnage etc. which will provide adequate protection against breakage or damage.
b. Content shall also be covered with primary packaging, like bubble, stretch or polyethylene wraps, VCI, Polyethylene or ECD bags, vacuum sealed aluminum wrapping to protect from rust, corrosion, electrostatic discharge etc.
c. Partition, wrapping, padding & separators shall be used to avoid contact between adjacent content.
d. Box must be completely full, in case of any empty space or void same shall be filled with foam, paper shred and other dunnage. Under no circumstances will newspaper or periodicals be used as packing material.
e. Loose items must be individually wrapped and cushioned to prevent damaging each other, and finished and coated surfaces of material and equipment must be protected from abrasion.
f. Sufficient amount of desiccant, silica gel (with proper calculation backup) shall be placed inside the box to avoid corrosion during transit and storage.
5.3.11 Metal Structure:
a. Metal frame structure, skid, pallet should be made up of IS 4923 standard MS material.
b. All joints shall be properly arc welded, with uniformity, free from sharp edges, cuts and metal burr.
c. Material thickness (channel, tube, plate) shall be considered as per structure dimension, equipment weight, handling etc.
d. Metal structure must be sandblasted (or alternative) to remove corroded, damaged surface before powder coating. Powder coating shall be applied on metal structures to prevent rust.
5.3.12 Skin Packaging:
a. Plastic film used for skin layer should be recyclable.
b. Thickness and grade of corrugated, paper board or sheet should be chosen as per weight and size of parts to be packed.
c. Plastic film shall be Surlyn or Skin film LDPE grade PW500 for better strength and durability.
5.3.13 Blister Packaging:
a. Recyclable plastic sheets PET, LDPE can be used for blister forming.
b. Blister trays should be properly cut and trimmed at corners and edges.
c. Heat sealing process should be used for end closure.
d. Sheet thickness can be determined based on required depth, required size of blister trays
5.3.14 Bundling
a. Each bundle shall be treated as an individual package and marked accordingly.
b. All items shall be segregated to length and size and bundles into units generally not to exceed 1000 kg, using minimum 3-cm steel strap that may be spaced up to 120 cm apart (where practical, ends shall be cross braced).
5.3.15 Nail, Staple & Strapping:
a. All nails must be cement coated, deformed shank, clinched wire box nails or hot-dip galvanized nails.
b. Box, crate or pallet can be nailed in triangular or diagonal pattern.
c. Nails should be min. 20 mm distant from the edge of the planks.
d. All staples shall be used for closure of fiber or corrugated box
e. All member should be overlapping to staple
f. Pin should be staple diagonally (45 deg. to edge axis)
g. Gap between 2 staples should be <90 mm .
h. All metal strapping must be non-annealed steel, minimum 1.9 cm (3/4 inch) applied with a stretching tool and secured with crimped steel seals. Metal straps must be cut evenly at the seal leaving no sharp edges. Corner protectors must be provided to keep strapping Page 13 of 31 from cutting into packages. Not less than two straps per box, and not to exceed 36 inches centre to centre, must be used.
5.3.16 Closure For Flange, Valve, Pipe And Tube Openings:
a. All openings & flanges should be covered by plastic cap as per diameter of opening to prevent entry of foreign particles and damages.
b. For larger diameters, openings should be closed:
i. For flange, metal plate (with gasket) to be used
ii. For pipes having reasonably good wall thickness, HDPE sheet with bevel end metal protector to be used
iii. For pipes with less wall thickness, cross support is mandatory along with HDPE sheet and bevel end metal protector to be used.
iv. For valves metal plate (with gasket) to be used
5.3.17 Spare Parts
All spare parts (such as commissioning spares or mandatory spares) when available at time of shipment of main equipment shall either be packed or clearly marked and included in main packing case attached to base board, or if size and dimensions deem separate shipment then shall be properly protected for short-term storage.
5.3.18 Hazardous Cargoes
All hazardous cargo such as chemicals, poisons, poisonous gas, inflammable liquids, compressed gases, inflammable solids, oxidizing materials, non-inflammable compressed gases, explosives and radioactive material must be accompanied by the Manufacturer's Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) and packed separately for safety and documentation purposes.
All outside containers and packing of hazardous cargoes shall be in accordance with rules and regulations of applicable governmental agencies, Department of Transportation (DOT), International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), International Air Transport Association (IATA), and International Maritime Organization (IMO) directives, must be documented, packed, labelled, and shipped in accordance with these directives.
The instructions for the maintenance, replenishing and safe removal and disposal of preservations, protective films, gases, coatings and desiccants shall be included and placed within easy access.

MARKING
6.1 As a minimum the Supplier shall mark each box/pallet with the following:
CONSIGNEE : Larsen & Toubro Limited (L&T)
SHIPPER : ________________________
PROJECT NAME : “Project Details[ ** ]”
(**: indicate Sindri or Barauni as applicable)
PO NO. :
ITEM DESCRIPTION :
TAG NO :
PACKING LIST NUMBER : :
PACKAGE NO. : __OF __
DIMENSION (IN CM) : XXX x XXX x XXX
WEIGHT (IN KGS) : NET WT. _____, GROSS WT. ______
ORIGIN : MADE IN _______
PORT OF DISCHARGE : ________, INDIA
DESTINATION :
WARNING MARKS : FRAGILE, ATTENTION, TOP, KEEP DRY ETC.)
STORAGE CODE : As per APPENDIX – B
L&T DISPATCH CLEARANCE NO:
PART SHIPMENT/FULL SHIPMENT/FINAL SHIPMENT:
6.2 Mark each shipping unit, in at least three places. Marking shall be of indelible ink, paint or exterior grade paint in a color which produces high contrast with the background, is fade resistant and able to withstand possible extended periods of storage in bright sunlight and other atmospheric conditions prevalent at the Site. In general, shipping labels and instructions should be 3 inches to 5 inches in height where practical; however, the size of the shipping container will dictate the acceptable size of the shipping labels / marks. Only those shipping labels and marks required by the PO and any cautionary markings and special handling symbols must appear on the package exterior. In no instance will advertising or marks which describe the contents or other extraneous information appear.
6.3 Shipping units which cannot be marked directly as described above shall be marked as follows (in order of preference):
ƒ Labels Labels shall be type face printed on durable, weather-resistant material using indelible ink. Labels shall be affixed to the shipping unit by waterproof glue.
ƒ Placards Placards shall be constructed of exterior grade timber of minimum thickness of 6 mm or galvanized sheet metal; of a minimum thickness of 0.5 mm. Placards shall be securely attached with stainless steel or other non-corrosive fasteners. If wire is used for affixing, a minimum of two (2) wires shall be used.
ƒ Tags Tags shall be stainless steel, non-rusting ferric alloy, brass, copper or durable plastic, of a minimum thickness of 0.5 mm. Tags shall be legibly embossed metal stamped in characters no smaller than 5 mm in height. Tags shall be attached in the same manner and with the same material as placards.
6.4 Colour marking shall be as follows:
6.4.1 Each shipping unit shall have a color band a minimum of 50 mm wide, painted around smallest girth.
6.4.2 On boxes and crates, three sides of each corner shall be painted so that color marking is visible on all four sides and on top.
6.4.3 On barrels, kegs, drums, tanks, bundles of pipe and rebar, and structural steel, a color daub shall be painted on or near both ends of each shipping unit.
6.4.4 In no case shall paint be applied to any machined surface or to any surface prepared for field welding.
6.4.5 Exterior grade blue paint shall be used for all color marking, unless otherwise advised in writing by the Purchaser.
6.4.6 Packages/equipment of five tons or more must be marked with slinging points and also clearly show on all sides the center of gravity.
6.4.7 Each package and its contents must clearly show the “country of origin” of supplies.
6.4.8 All items packed in the package must have “Made in XXXX” marking Labels on an un-removable print, 3m stickers or embedded on the goods.
6.4.9 Special color marking shall be applied to Units/Packages/Cargos/Items as per project/ Site requirement.